Мини-проект по английскому " глобальное потепление" - презентация. Мини-проект по английскому " глобальное потепление" - презентация Презентация глобальное потепление на английском
Mini -project Mini -project «Global warming can make lots of animals extinct, which will upset the balance of the environment » Mini -project Mini -project «Global warming can make lots of animals extinct, which will upset the balance of the environment » Municipal educational institution Timiryazevskaya secondary school Made by pupils of from 11: Arifullina Rimma Iskakova Elena Supervisor: Romanovа T.A
Orange amphiprio The coral reefs where these fish live are particularly sensitive to an increase in the temperature that cause climate change. Since, with warming, coral reefs become discolored and die, the orange amphipriene population decreases significantly.
The worldwide success of these fish in the cartoons "Searching for Nemo" and "In search of Dory" made these species the desired aquarium fish, which also affected the further decline of the population. Attention!!!
Surviving populations of these large, shaggy animals, centered around the Arctic Circle, are declining due to global warming. Not only does climate change limit their territory, but also facilitates the migration of brown bears to the north, which attack musk oxen if they are particularly desperate and hungry. Muskox
It is necessary to replace traditional types of energy with non- traditional It is necessary to replace traditional types of energy with non- traditional Ways to Address Global Warming Creation of international programs to address the problem of global warming. Creation of international programs to address the problem of global warming. Increase of the green cover of the Earth to improve the content of carbon monoxide 4 Increase of the green cover of the Earth to improve the content of carbon monoxide 4 Spraying of sulfur compounds in the lower layers of the stratosphere, which will help reduce the impact of sunlight on Earth. Spraying of sulfur compounds in the lower layers of the stratosphere, which will help reduce the impact of sunlight on Earth.
1.WHAT DOES GLOBAL WARMING MEAN? Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth"s near-surface air and oceans since the middle of the20th century and its projected continuation. According to the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C during the 20th century.
WHAT ARE THE GREENHOUSE GASES? Greenhouse gases are efficient in absorbing IR light and they protect from superheating the Earths surface The most important greenhouse gases are: H2O – Water vapor. CO2 – Carbon Dioxide CH4 – methane The process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by gases in the atmosphere warm a planet"s lower atmosphere and surface is called the greenhouse effect
THE FUTURE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING 1. melting of the ice caps. This melting could increase the oceans height by up to 2 feet in only one century! This would mean many heavily populated cities would flood causing millions maybe billions of dollars of damage and the potential loss of life in these cities. 2. natural disasters would increase which influence spreading of diseases more rapidly, and animals have been found migrating towards the poles due to the increase in heat. 3. Deaths from global warming will double in just 25 years, to 300,000 people a year. 4. Heat waves will be more frequent and intense 5. Droughts and wildfires will occur more often 6. More than a million species could be driven to extinction by 2050.
WHAT SHOULD WE DO? By doing things like using recycled products supporting local business carpool planting more trees we can help our planet. None of these are overnight solutions but if we all work to do some of these things we can drastically help our planet.
BUT! SKEPTICS VIEWS Unlike the alarmists view the skeptics views vary but the two main ideas are that either this warming is part of Earths natural cycle (the Earth has been warming and cooling ever since its beginning) - Earths Natural Cycle Theory Or that this is all an effect from solar activity and the temperature of the Earth – Sun Theory
SUN THEORY As supplier of almost all the energy in Earth"s climate, the sun certainly has a strong influence on climate change. Consequently there have been many studies examining the link between solar variations and global temperatures.
EARTHS NATURAL CYCLE THEORY This theory is essentially saying that there has been human interference but nothing to the extent of what the alarmist fear. This theory also states that the Earth has warmed and cooled before as well as had rises in the levels of CO2 and has always got through it.
SKEPTICS REASONS TO BE SKEPTIC Skeptics say that global warming is just another way for scientists to get significant funding for their experiments. By making global warming out to be a apocalyptic disaster of sorts the government has been throwing money at scientists to find a solution to this problem and learn more about it.
REFERENCES: file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20warming%20- %20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20warming%20- %20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20-%20Topics%20- %20TIME.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20-%20Topics%20- %20TIME.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming-%20Science%20- %20The%20New%20York%20Times.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming-%20Science%20- %20The%20New%20York%20Times.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20Interactive,%20Global%20 Warming%20Simulation,%20Climate%20Change%20Simulation%20- %20National%20Geographic.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20Interactive,%20Global%20 Warming%20Simulation,%20Climate%20Change%20Simulation%20- %20National%20Geographic.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Why%20Are%20Americans%20So%20Ill- Informed%20about%20Climate%20Change__%20Scientific%20American.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Why%20Are%20Americans%20So%20Ill- Informed%20about%20Climate%20Change__%20Scientific%20American.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Kyoto%20Protocol%20- %20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mht file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Kyoto%20Protocol%20- %20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mht
To concern – заботиться, беспокоиться A consensus – согласие The average temperature – средняя температура Assessment – оценка, оценивание The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – Межгосударственная группа экспертов по изменению климата The burning – сгорание Efficient – действенный, результативный To absorb – поглощать Superheating – перенагревание Water vapor – водяной пар Carbon dioxide – углекислый газ Methane – метан Infrared radiation – инфракрасное излучение The ice cap – ледниковый покров Height - повышение Drought – засуха to occur – случаться Carpool – сокращение автомобилей Drastically – решительно, радикально To vary – различаться Supplier – поставщик Interference – вмешательство Get through – справляться VOCABULARY
Презентация по слайдам
Текст слайда: Global Warming – Climate Change What do I need to know? What do I need to do?
Текст слайда: Key Questions- ????? Is the earth’s atmosphere warming? Is this warming causing climate change? Are humans impacting on this warming? If so, what can I do about it?
Текст слайда: Is the Earth’s Atmosphere Warming? Review global temps for last 150 years Variations in last 150 19th century – constant; Rise in early 20th; Level off in mid 20th; Rapid rise 1990-2009 - Why? What causes this pattern? Early – volcanoes, sun; Later – Burning fossil fuels Variations on global average temps Land warmer than ocean; More increase towards poles Average temps have risen about 1.5 degrees since start of 20th century. Is this significant?
Текст слайда: Indicators - Butterflies, Glaciers, and Hurricanes Surface temps are not only indicators of warming Earths’ inner temps; Upper levels of oceans; Lower levels of atmosphere warming - upper levels cooling Earth’s cryosphere (snow & ice cover) is decreasing Glaciers, Arctic ice, Ice caps, Ice sheets - Reflections Weather patterns over decades show changes More extreme hot and cold; Precipitation changes, Night temps; Increase in hurricanes Plants and animal species are moving NH moving northward and upward – 6 miles – 6 feet; Springtime events earlier: 2-3 days (per decade)
Текст слайда: What Determines a Planet’s Temperature? Energy balance – between incoming sunlight and radiated heat loss Sun sends in ultraviolet rays; Planet sends out infrared rays – Earth balances out at zero (0) degrees Earth’s atmosphere causes “greenhouse effect” Atmosphere is 80% nitrogen, 20% oxygen – transparent to sun’s incoming rays and Earth’s outgoing rays Water vapor and CO2 is transparent to sun’s incoming ultraviolet rays BUT opaque to Earth’s outgoing infrared rays – Result – increase in Earth’s temp to 60 degrees
Текст слайда: A Tale of Three Planets Neighboring planets (Mars, Venus) can provide us with a “greenhouse experiment” Comparison of Temps – No Atmosphere Mars: -90 F; Earth: o F; Venus: 110 F Comparison of Temps – With Atmosphere Mars: -120 F; Earth: 60 F; Venus: 500 F (melt lead) Comparison of Atmospheres Mars: 1% (.01) of Earth’s density; Cooler – reflects heat Earth: 1.0 density – provides normal greenhouse effect Venus: 100 times Earth’s density – 96% is CO2; All water is evaporated – powers greenhouse effect; CO2 - permanent
Текст слайда: The Human Factor Three factors affect temps – two are natural, one is us 1. Volcanoes Throws dust into air; forms clouds; decreases temps 2. Sun Burn rate varies; distance from Earth; tilt of Earth axis 3. Anthropogenic – caused by humans Burn fossil fuels – increases CO2 in atmosphere Other factors Methane (minor); Aerosals – particles in air Why blame us? Strong correlation – CO2 , higher temps; Natural causes - varying effects; Dominant correlation in recent decades has been anthropogenic
Текст слайда: Projected Impact of Climate Change - 2100 There will be a steady rise in global temps Most likely 3-8 degrees; Drop of 11 degrees would bring new Ice Age; Increase of 9 degrees – tropics in NH Extreme weather events will increase – greater fluctuation in weather Heat waves; Intense precipitation; Droughts; Intense tropical storms Sea levels will rise Average will be 6”- 18” (maybe 20); Caused by warmer water, not melting ice; Salt water will encroach on fresh Polar advances of species will accelerate
Текст слайда: What to Do? – Replace Fossil Fuels Two questions: 1. Do we have it? 2. Can we get it? Three main sources of energy: 1. Sun Solar, Wind – Expensive; Limited; Variable availability – cloud cover, no air moving 2. Fossil Fuels Natural gas – burns cleaner; Oil – running out (decades left); Coal – dirtiest, but most abundant (300 years left); Nuclear – cleanest, but most dangerous 3. Tidal waves Rivers, dams, ocean waves – limited, most being used already
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Текст слайда: Why is Global Warming So Controversial? Some people insist this is just an unproven theory Scientists have trouble communicating this to the general public Climate change can be confusing and upsetting to people Solutions will have serious economic and lifestyle impacts Political differences among government leaders impacts progress towards solutions
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Текст слайда: What to Teach Students? 1. There is a difference between weather and climate 2. Global warming is accelerating and is caused mainly by humans burning fossil fuels 3. Global warming is causing climate change and will have a significant impact on people and nature 4. Earth’s temperatures will most likely rise 3-8 degrees by the year 2100. 5. Sea levels have already risen and are projected to rise much more 6. There is scientific consensus that global warming is causing climate change and presents us with some serious challenges
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Текст слайда: What to Teach Students? (2) 7. Governmental leaders from many countries are working on international agreements to deal with climate change 8. New technologies must be developed to stabilize and reduce greenhouse gases 9. Saving energy and developing alternative energy sources will help 10. Every individual person can take actions daily to help with this situation
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Текст слайда: What can Students and their Families Do? Turn off electrical devices when not in use Take shorter showers Close blinds/drapes on hot, sunny days Turn off lights when you leave a room Switch to fluorescent light bulbs Plant trees Combine and reduce trips in cars Recycle whenever possible Purchase recycled products Spread the word – encourage wise energy consumption
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Текст слайда: Global Warming Websites List of Websites www.Knowledge.Allianz.com En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming www.epa.gov/climatechange www.gobalwarming.org www.climatehotmap.org/ NationalGeographic.com www.nwf.org/globalwarming www.sierraclub.org [email protected] (North Carolina information)
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1.What does Global warming mean? Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth"s near-surface air and oceans since the middle of the20th century and it’s projected continuation. According to the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C during the 20th century.
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The Causes of global warming Most of the observed temperature increase has been caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, which result from human activity such as the burning of fossil fuel deforestation.
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What are the greenhouse gases? Greenhouse gases are efficient in absorbing IR light and they protect from superheating the Earth’s surfaceThe most important greenhouse gases are:H2O – Water vapor.CO2 – Carbon DioxideCH4 – methaneThe process by which absorption and emission of infrared radiation by gases in the atmosphere warm a planet"s lower atmosphere and surface is called the greenhouse effect
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The Future effects of global warming 1. melting of the ice caps. This melting could increase the oceans height by up to 2 feet in only one century! This would mean many heavily populated cities would flood causing millions maybe billions of dollars of damage and the potential loss of life in these cities.2. natural disasters would increase which influence spreading of diseases more rapidly, and animals have been found migrating towards the poles due to the increase in heat. 3. Deaths from global warming will double in just 25 years, to 300,000 people a year.4. Heat waves will be more frequent and intense5. Droughts and wildfires will occur more often6. More than a million species could be driven to extinction by 2050.
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What should we do? By doing things likeusing recycled productssupporting local business’ carpoolplanting more trees we can help our planet. None of these are overnight solutions but if we all work to do some of these things we can drastically help our planet.
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BUT! Skeptic’s Views Unlike the alarmist’s view the skeptic’s views vary but the two main ideas are that either this warming is part of Earth’s natural cycle (the Earth has been warming and cooling ever since its beginning) - Earth’s Natural Cycle Theory Or that this is all an effect from solar activity and the temperature of the Earth –Sun Theory
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Sun theory As supplier of almost all the energy in Earth"s climate, the sun certainly has a strong influence on climate change. Consequently there have been many studies examining the link between solar variations and global temperatures.
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Earth’s Natural Cycle Theory This theory is essentially saying that there has been human interference but nothing to the extent of what the alarmist fear. This theory also states that the Earth has warmed and cooled before as well as had rises in the levels of CO2 and has always got through it.
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Skeptic’s Reasons to be Skeptic Skeptics say that global warming is just another way for scientists to get significant funding for their experiments. By making global warming out to be a apocalyptic disaster of sorts the government has been throwing money at scientists to find a solution to this problem and learn more about it.
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Should we believe and begin saving our planet or continue to be indifferent and passive?
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References: file://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20warming%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mhtfile://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20-%20Topics%20-%20TIME.mhtfile://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming-%20Science%20-%20The%20New%20York%20Times.mhtfile://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Global%20Warming%20Interactive,%20Global%20Warming%20Simulation,%20Climate%20Change%20Simulation%20-%20National%20Geographic.mhtfile://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Why%20Are%20Americans%20So%20Ill-Informed%20about%20Climate%20Change__%20Scientific%20American.mhtfile://localhost/G:/Global%20Warming/Kyoto%20Protocol%20-%20Wikipedia,%20the%20free%20encyclopedia.mht
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Vocabulary To concern – заботиться, беспокоитьсяA consensus – согласиеThe average temperature – средняя температураAssessment – оценка, оцениваниеThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – Межгосударственная группа экспертов по изменению климатаThe burning – сгораниеEfficient – действенный, результативныйTo absorb – поглощатьSuperheating – перенагреваниеWater vapor – водяной парCarbon dioxide – углекислый газMethane – метанInfrared radiation – инфракрасное излучениеThe ice cap – ледниковый покровHeight - повышение Drought – засухаto occur – случатьсяCarpool – сокращение автомобилейDrastically – решительно, радикальноTo vary – различатьсяSupplier – поставщикInterference – вмешательствоGet through – справляться
